Dolly

Sir Ian Wilmut, born in July 7th 1944, is an embryologist from England and Chair of the Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine at the University of Edinburgh. He is known for the creation of "Dolly" the most famous sheep in history. 

Wilmut was the leader of the research group,in 1996, first cloned a mammal, a female lamb named Dolly. His research group was Keith Campbell and colleagues at the Roslin Institute. Despite the fact that Wilmut led the team ,that created Dolly, he gave credits to his colleague Keith Campbell with "66 per cent" of the invention that made Dolly's birth possible. Dolly's death was caused by a respiratory disease in 2003. Dolly was "created" with the technique of somatic cell nuclear transfer. For the birth of Dolly 3 sheeps helped, the one that gave the cells, the one that gave the DNA and the surrogate mother. The creation of Dolly showed that genes in the nucleus of such a mature differentiated somatic cell are still capable of reverting to an embryonic totipotent state, creating a cell that can then go on to develop into any part of an animal. Although Dolly was not the first animal to be cloned, she gained attention in the media because she was the first to be cloned from an adult cell. Dolly lived her whole life at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, where she produced six lambs in total, Bonnie, twins Sally and Rosieand the triplets Lucy, Darcy and Cotton. In late 2001, at the age of four, Dolly developed arthritis and began to walk stiffly. On 14 February 2003, Dolly was euthanized because she had a progressive lung disease, a post-mortem examination showed she had a form of lung cancer called Jaagsiekte, so her death was not connected with the fact that she was cloned. Dolly was named after Dolly Parton.

Dolly 7 July 1996-14 February 2003